A&E Television Networks Essay

As per Annie Leibovitz, the image that was picked for the front of the magazine was not purposefully or intentionally taken. The image, as indicated by Leibovitz, was just a â€Å"meter perusing. † (Leibovitz) However, at long last, it was still picked to be spread gone for the magazine in light of the image’s openness and simple nature. We as a whole realize that John Lennon was an individual from The Beatles, one of the best music symbols ever. Being an individual from musical gang during that time implied adjusting an open picture or notoriety that reverberate the â€Å"rock and roll† sort of life, conduct, and mentality, particularly on the grounds that Lennon was amazingly well known during that time. In any case, Leibovitz’ photo of Lennon was a long way from the built up picture of a well known artist who coincidentally was a piece of The Beatles. The picture was plain and straightforward as in there were no intensely inferred messages or impressions. Despite the fact that individuals would not know who Lennon was truly as an individual, the image appeared to depict who he was †unbounded by popularity and fame. Leibovitz was effectively ready to catch a specific demeanor of Lennon’s legit, extreme however implied quality and impact. Leibovitz’ capacity to bring a particular sort of amazing, individual, unmistakable, and genuine character, as reflected in Lennon’s picture, have hardened what her identity was, just as her vision and imagination, as a craftsman and a picture taker. The Rise to Fame Following two years of working for the â€Å"Rolling Stone,† Leibovitz turned into the magazine’s boss picture taker. From the basic and reasonable picture that she took of John Lennon, she had the option to go past what she knew about photography and advance representation photography into something particular and imaginative. (A&E Television Networks, p. 1) Leibovitz had the freedom to create and improve her abilities, and yet convey photos that verged on imagination and inventiveness. She started accepting captivating and expand pictures instead of the basic and dreary picture of Lennon. John Lennon and Yoko Ono Rolling Stone (22 Jan 1981) By Annie Leibovitz <http://www. rollingstone. com/photographs/exhibition/5392223/1981_rolling_stone_covers/photograph/1/huge/elvispresley> The pictures taken by Leibovitz from that point on were intense and present day. The image that she took of Lennon and his better half, Yoko Ono, for the front of â€Å"Rolling Stone† in January 2981, spoke to Leibovitz investigation of the contemporary styles and ways to deal with representation photography. Another key component of Leibovitz’ works was that the emphasis is consistently on various types of connections, character, and feelings. In this specific picture of Lennon and Ono, Leibovitz needed to draw out the solid ties that quandary the two individuals together as accomplices. Lennon and Ono additionally depicted various jobs inside the sort of relationship showed in the picture through non-verbal communication. Leibovitz saw the affectability and powerlessness of Lennon as he clank to Ono, and Ono’s quality in withstanding the virus. (Leibovitz, 2) The fair and unassuming component spoke to in the image was the solid and relentless love or enthusiasm among Lennon and Ono. As Leibovitz’ vocation propels, her works additionally become provocative on a more stupendous, bigger scope. Some state that Leibovitz’ photos were just picture encircling the allure and fabulousness of a hybrid of Hollywood and Rock-and-Roll way of life as most representations taken by Leibovitz were very compelling and driven. (Stevens, p. 99) As Leibovitz got reactions and acknowledgment for her works, the consideration on the photos taken by her heightened, thus did her aesthetic dreams and motivations. In the event that one would take the most dubious photos taken by Leibovitz during the time of her vocation, one regular subject that unites those pictures under a solitary topic would be unpretentious yet aesthetic nakedness. The presence of nakedness in Leibovitz’ pictures has been one of the essential reasons why her works have gotten a lot of consideration from different gatherings and people, yet in addition the motivation behind why her dreams and motivations stay to be that of the interpretation of genuineness and consistency through workmanship. C Bette Midler Whoopi Goldberg (1979) (1984) New York Magazine, 1983 The Wall Street Journal, 2008 Coming to Terms with the True Essence of Portrait Photography However, in spite of the creativity and radical messages that Leibovitz shot through her photos, her gifts were immediately classified and decided under provocative pictures, which were sold and caught consideration just in view of nakedness. Leibovitz out of nowhere understood that there was something not right from her works and she felt that she lost the capacity to catch connections, genuine feelings, solid messages, and such in her photos. She accepted that representation photography ought to likewise underline the relationship of the subject to the camera and the picture taker so as to deliver pictures that are genuine and drawing in, and not plain and void. Thus, Leibovitz quit laboring for a month so as to make sense of how she can improve her specialty. (New York Magazine) Narelle Brennan Narelle Brennan As a Showgirl in Las Vegas As a Mother with her Two Children (1999) (1999) â€Å"Women,† 1999 â€Å"Women,† 1999 Taking time off work has helped Leibovitz get out of sorts. Despite the fact that she kept on taking prominent charm photos of acclaimed big names for â€Å"Rolling Stone† and even â€Å"Vanity Fair,† she likewise centered around the non-business part of photography. In one book that Leibovitz and Susan Sontag had the option to distribute in 1999, she introduced the profundity of her masterfulness by taking photos of genuine ladies from various different backgrounds. In this specific assortment, Leibovitz had the option to recover her trademark and style in taking photos †building a connection between the subject/subjects and the camera and the picture taker, constructing a relationship among the subjects, depicting genuine and compelling feelings, incorporating pictures of intensity, quality, and impact, reality and effortlessness, and character. From the pictures taken of Narelle Brennan, Leibovitz had the option to catch who Brennan was as an individual, unbounded by her being just a showgirl, yet in addition as a mother of two kids. The photos were straightforward so that it depicted how the characters of ladies change contingent upon the different jobs that they play. Leibovitz effectively portrayed opportunity, rebelliousness, and the need to put down biasness or preference with regards to labeling people as a result of what they do or what they become. Besides, she had the option to communicate her affectability in responding in due order regarding Brennan, that her being a Showgirl in Las Vegas doesn't represent her whole individual. End Leibovitz’ aestheticness and imagination in photography have developed through time. One may essentially order Leibovitz’ abilities and gifts as agitated or conflicting deciding from the assorted variety of the subjects and topics of the photos that she has assumed control after some time. In any case, in spite of Leibovitz’ sporadic and whimsical showcase of her gifts and aptitudes and photography, the progressions that she needed to see through each one of those long stretches of building her profession as a picture taker by and large characterized her imaginativeness and style. Leibovitz’ craftsmanship has positively improved through time and she had the option to make the most of the considerable number of chances to take photos, commit errors, try, and decipher show, feelings, energy, connections, and such, into photos, so as to build up her aptitudes and abilities as a picture taker. In this way, Leibovitz’ photography might be characterized as adaptable or versatile, and yet unpardonable, solid, provocative, and strong. She saw how the connection between the subject, the camera, and the picture taker ought to be created so as to catch real feelings and emotions, connections and associations, and draw out the predominant characters of her subjects to add significance to the photo. The outcomes were immortal and extraordinary pictures that would resonate her imagination and flexibility as a photographic artist. Works Cited A&E Television Networks. â€Å"Annie Leibovitz Biography. † Retrieved from A&E Television Networks. 27 Apr 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/library/photographs/leibovitz/brennan.html

Tuition Rates Increasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Educational cost Rates Increasing - Essay Example For example, as the interest for school instruction increments all through society, school educational cost rates have increased exponentially. As an element of looking to address this specific issue and fine, causes, the accompanying examination will take part in a short conversation and thought of what these elements may show. Right off the bat, it must be comprehended, as has been spoken to quickly inside the presentation, the expansion sought after as cause educational cost rates to soar. As a huge number of more people graduate secondary school with yearnings and signs to draw in with school, it isn't just fundamental for school to acknowledge these people, it is likewise important for them to give space and facilities to their instruction. These states and lodging originations that must be made concern employing new teachers, expanding study hall size, extending residences and giving extra living housing, expanding generally speaking number of staff, and redesigning an and all offices that may be shown on the school grounds so as to suit is heaps of new understudies. Eventually, the convergence of understudies is useful over the long haul as far as business and gainfulness for the universe. In any case, a primer comprehension of business draws in the person with the understanding that the forthright co sts that these colleges and universities expects them to raise educational cost costs extravagantly as a methods for front the bill that this inundation of understudies has made for them. Notwithstanding, it must not exclusively be comprehended that the to raise educational cost depends on genuine and quantifiable variables. At last, a great many examinations has demonstrated that the rising school educational cost is sensational to such an extent that it doesn't follow close by swelling or changes inside the rest of the economy. In addition, researchers have additionally shown that regardless of whether one thinks about the update

The Search for Identity in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club Essay -- Joy Lu

The Search for Identity in The Joy Luck Clubâ â Â Â â â â â When Chinese foreigners enter the United States of America, it is apparent from the beginning that they are in a world far not quite the same as their country. Vis-à-vis with a predominant culture that frequently demonstrations and thinks in manners in opposition to their past lives, outsiders are on a troublesome way of endeavoring to turn into an American. Chinese foreigners end up frequently got between two universes: the old universe of organized, customary and instructive China and the new universe of portable, youthful and prosperous America. They nostalgically glance back at China aching for an easier life yet take a gander at the United States as a place where there is fresh new chances and opportunity that they didn't know in China. For this is the reason they came to America in any case, to accommodate their kids and themselves what they couldn't in China. To do this, obviously, they are confronted with the test of acclimatizing. Learning the language, obta ining training, claiming property, and so on are for the most part approaches to hold onto the American Dream. Anyway this represents an issue for the Chinese worker for, during the time spent digestion, they lose a portion of their Chinese culture. This particularly sounds accurate for the offspring of Chinese workers: the second-age Chinese Americans. Second-age Chinese Americans are confronted with an exceptional test. Their folks have persevered through the battle to result in these present circumstances coun... ... October 19%.: 256,257. Shear, Walter. Generational Differences and the Diaspora. Critigue Spring 1993: 193-199. Tan, Amy. The Joy Luck Club. Vintage Contemporaries. New York: A Division of Random House, Inc., 199 1. Tsai, Shan-Shan Henry. The Chinese Experience in America. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1986. Xu, Ben. Memory and the Ethnic Self. Perusing Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club.Meleus. Spring 1994: 3 - 16. Yung, Judy. Chinese Women in America: A Pictorial History. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1989. (a few found in Gale Literary Database t)v-(http://www.galenet.com/servlet/GLD/hits?c...n=10&1=d&NA=Amy+Tan=&The+Joy+-Luck+Club) Â

Management Online Class - 275 Words

Management Online Class (Book Report Sample) Content: Management online classNameInstitutionManagement online classThe Blake and Mouton Leadership testThe scale for each of the components moves from one to nine. The leadership test is composed of 18 statements that requires a response of zero to five on the scale where the statement applies. After the scale I transferred the numerical answers to the scoring section. After calculation, I converted the scores into plots on the leadership grid. The results that I got on the grid were 7.8 as a team management style on leadership. I agree with the results because I like working in a team where each person is independent and they therefore are committed to accomplish a given task as expected.The Myers-Briggs test (MBTI)After the completion of the MBTI test: one obtains a 4-letter type formula on the strengths and description of the personality type; discover occupations as well as careers suitable with the personality; understand the personal learning and communication styles. The results from my test were INTJ, that is, moderate introversion preference over extraversion; slight preference of intuition over sensing; moderate preference of thinking over feelings and slight preference of judging over perceiving. I agree with the results because I like being in a situation where I can think and is not guided by feelings. Management Online Class - 275 Words Management Online Class (Book Report Sample) Content: Management online classNameInstitutionManagement online classThe Blake and Mouton Leadership testThe scale for each of the components moves from one to nine. The leadership test is composed of 18 statements that requires a response of zero to five on the scale where the statement applies. After the scale I transferred the numerical answers to the scoring section. After calculation, I converted the scores into plots on the leadership grid. The results that I got on the grid were 7.8 as a team management style on leadership. I agree with the results because I like working in a team where each person is independent and they therefore are committed to accomplish a given task as expected.The Myers-Briggs test (MBTI)After the completion of the MBTI test: one obtains a 4-letter type formula on the strengths and description of the personality type; discover occupations as well as careers suitable with the personality; understand the personal learning and communication styles. The results from my test were INTJ, that is, moderate introversion preference over extraversion; slight preference of intuition over sensing; moderate preference of thinking over feelings and slight preference of judging over perceiving. I agree with the results because I like being in a situation where I can think and is not guided by feelings.

Spanking Parents Must Decide - 1914 Words

Have you ever been spanked? Maybe smacked? We all have our own stories of how our parents disciplined us, we take them as funny stories and even joke about them. If you were born in the 90s, 80s, 70s, 60s, you already know what I’m talking about and I bet many stories already ran through your mind right now. But as we grew up and time passed by, there has been this dilemma about this method of parenting. [2] â€Å"Parents feel mixed-up and uncomfortable about disciplining their children†. Few parents in modern times do not trust this kind of act of physical punishment at home and they think that is detrimental for kids. Therefore, a good amount of parents are trying to make the government restrict the parents who spank from doing so. [2] By†¦show more content†¦Children can grow to be successful without the need of abuse or any kind of physical punishment. [2] Mark Wolraich, the head of the committee that wrote the discipline recommendations, defended the AAP anti-spanking stance. â€Å"It is because most parents spank that such a policy statement is needed. The AAP is not a police body that disallows child-rearing techniques. . . . Spanking was only one area addressed but stands out as one in need of change because of its ineffectiveness, side effects, and the frequency of its misuse.† In the other side, parents who agree argument that â€Å"Spanking is not laziness and it teaches children consequences for their actions† â€Å"disrespectful youth today shows what happens when necessary spanking is forgotten† â€Å"Parent first; friend second† â€Å"you cannot fix a tree after is already bent†, etc. This side argues that is effective when children are defiant and try to overthrow the authority or who controls the situation. They argue that they do it for the own child good and even thought it feels unpleasant (obviously) it will shape a conscious character for the future (if you use it correctly). For example, [2] the University of California, Berkeley, who followed healthy middle-class white families prospectively for 15 years, showed families where parents occasionally employed spanking (defined as one or two open swats on the bottom of a child between the ages of two and six) as one form of discipline within an otherwiseShow MoreRelate dSpanking a Child and Child Abuse1076 Words   |  5 PagesSpanking a child is not against the law in most places. However, parents who use it in their homes are being accused of child abuse. The Chicago Tribune published an article that urged readers to report child abuse when they become aware of it. In the article â€Å"Child abuse in plain View† the author describes spanking as a type of abuse that happens behind closed doors (â€Å"Child abuse in plain View†). Like most critics of corporal punishment, the author is trying to link spanking to abuse. The author`sRead MoreSpanking Essay1548 Words   |  7 PagesSpanking has several effects on the children, which build numerous opinions among the people. Researchers have shown many positive and negative sides of physical punishment. There are several people that agree with spanking their children and there are others who are against punishing the children. Many of the parents who spank their children believe that sp anking is sometimes acceptable because they believe it will make a positive effect on their behavior. Spanking is used to correct children’sRead More Disciplinary Spanking Is Not Child Abuse Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pagesbeating, whipping, hitting, pinching, biting, or spanking. Spanking is the most used, traditional form of physical punishment, consisting in a beating applied on the buttocks. It involves striking the buttocks repeatedly, usually as a physical punishment, with an open hand. Spanking can also be implemented including belts, whips, rods, paddles, or any other household item. Educators and parents usually administer spankings to children. Spanking usually refers to a child lying, stomach downRead MorePhysical Discipline with Children1100 Words   |  4 PagesSpanking a child is not against the law in most places. However, parents who use it in their homes are being accused of child abuse. The Chicago Tribune published an article that urged readers to report child abuse when they become aware of it. In the article â€Å"Child abuse in plain View† the author describes spanking as a type of abuse that happens behind closed doors (â€Å"Child abuse in plain View†). Like most critics of corporal punishment, the author is trying to link spanking to abuse. The author`sRead MoreHistory of Spanking Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesnation Americans have wrestled about the topic of spanking children for discipline. We waver back and forth for a while it is okay and expected that we will discipline the children by using corporal punishment. Then every thing changes and for years it is no longer acceptable. It has been the subject of many heated debates and will continue to do so as long as we have parents and as long as they raise children. In the long run we will find out if spanking turned out to be an asset or a liability but forRead MoreDifferent Views of Discipline892 Words   |  4 PagesHitting, yelling, and spanking. Some people view these terms as examples of abuse. Others view them as different types of discipline that parents could use on their young children. For as long as I can remember, there has been great controversy regarding the difference between what is the correct type of discipline and what is not. Doing research, such as what I did prior to writing this paper, can help any parent decide what type of discipline will be most beneficial and least harmful to the childRead MoreChildren Should Be Punished For Their Children Essay2005 Words   |  9 Pageschildren get older and more curious, they often tend to find themselves in a bit of trouble. For parents, choosing the way in which they should punish their children can be a challenge. Some parents believe that spanking their children is the best approach. Other parents, however, believe that spanking their child is not correct and can cause problems for the child. That being said, for the most part, parents can agree that children need some sort of discipline. They may not agree on the exact way childrenRead More Effective Parenting-Early Development, Various Parenting Styles and Discipline1744 Words   |  7 Pages Parents act as the first teachers in a childs life. Both mothers and fathers can have very unique influences on their children. Mothers and fathers parent differently, however, both maternal and paternal figures are essential in healthy development. Together both parents teach their children many things including how to eat, walk, talk and underlying emotions such as love, trust and happiness. Oppositely parents may also t each their kids, often unknowing of the effects they are causing, distrustRead MoreDisciplining Your Child : Disciplining Children1093 Words   |  5 Pagesit can also be the punishment to correct disobedience. Being a parent isn’t the easiest thing to do, in fact it’s one of the most difficult task. As parents we are not given a handbook that guides us to making the right decision with our children. How we decide to discipline our children may not always be the right or correct way in disciplining them. There are even some children that may learn differently than others and some parents who choose to discipline their children one way versus anotherRead MoreAssault Or Discipline Essay1926 Words   |  8 Pagesforce being used on minors. Spanking, whipping, and paddling are among a few common references to this form of punishment. Physically disciplining children has had many names over the years. No matter which term is used, corporal punishment has a negative impact on every party involved. It is a widely used, socially accepted method of discipline. â€Å"Approximately 94% of three and four-year old children have been spanked in the past year (Slade Winssow 1321). Although spanking is a widespread practice

Feminism A Controversial Issue - 1304 Words

In recent discussions on Feminism, a controversial issue has been that the term itself attracts negative attention, despite its endless efforts towards equality for both genders. On one hand, some argue the word should be changed to a more appropriate term that doesn’t attract hostile viewpoints. On the other hand, others argue the word should remain the same, however, people should be educated on the actual intentions of feminism—and not base their understandings off of the recent misguided interpretations of the term. Although the awareness of feminism may seem of concern only to a small group of women, it should in fact concern anyone who cares about gender equality. Because of their recent fallacious ignorance towards the term, this generation should make modifications of their knowledge of Feminism and learn that it calls for equal rights for both men and women. Although I grant that all women want gender equality, I still maintain that women are rightfully reluctant to call themselves â€Å"feminists†, due to the misinterpretations of the term. One of the most widespread misinterpretations is that it encourages women to participate in â€Å"men bashing/ men hating†. This has caused most of the recent negative opinions that are surrounding feminism. In fear of being labeled as man-haters, women tend to shy away from the term. Several famous celebrities, such as Emma Watson and Beyoncà ©, are saying that they support feminism and decided to take on its negativity. In her UnitedShow MoreRelatedThe Series Of The Family Produced By Norman Milton1709 Words   |  7 PagesThe series All in the Family produced by Norman Milton Lear from 1971-1979 is one of the most controversial and groundbreaking television shows ever created. The successful sitcom has covered many touchy subjects involving race, ethnicity, homosexuality, rape, and religious beliefs. Towards the end of the third season, episode 20 which was called â€Å"Archie is Branded†, aired on February 24th 1973 touched many subjects that were heavily debated on the fact of whether or not it was appropriate to airRead MoreAnalysis Of Gloria Steinem s Article Our Revolution Has Just Began 908 Words   |  4 PagesFeminism adheres to all humans, regardless of race, sex, religion or any other defining mark and in order for true equality to be reality, human’s as a whole must demand for it. Gloria Steinem’s article â€Å"Our Revolution Has Just Begun,† addresses the underlying truths of feminism and its never-ending movement towards total equality. My analysis will focus on Steinem’s arguments regarding the future, which lie ahead for women as well as feminism itself, these arguments include: the economic benefitsRead MoreGender Inequality And Relevant Social Norms959 Words   |  4 PagesConfronting culture shocks, ideo logical conflicts and shifts, some of them expresses their interest in feminism to me. Thus, I incorporated this theme into our curricular content. In doing so, I hope I can not only teach my students what it means to be a feminist, but also invite them to express their beliefs, values and needs. Similar to the previous session, conceptualizing and examining sexism and feminism also generated a lot of thoughtful discussion, such as the example shown below. Reflecting on myRead MoreThe Resistance Of Female Leadership1430 Words   |  6 Pagesfor the discrimination and that further research should be conducted to ferret out possible reasons. This study will fill the gap in the research regarding resistance to female clergy by examining the past to understand the present attitude of anti-feminism. Other researchers‘ studies help fill the gap such as that of Oesterheld, F. (2012), refutes the idea of authoritarian paternalism of women in early Christianity; Wallace, G. (2014a), mistranslations; Martin, D. (2013), the leadership of women inRead MoreThe Media And The Platform1548 Words   |  7 Pageswomen have suffered from the oppression of the patriarchal society we continue to live in today. Giving credit where it is due, I will say we have made an evident and beneficial progression as far as the essentialist views of feminism. There are many ways to promote feminism and emphasize the importance of progression—it is benefi cial for all. There are many ways to promote and encourage the movement as an individual however, having a platform would be more ideal. That being said, many celebritiesRead MoreEssay on Feminism and Modern Feminist Theory1068 Words   |  5 Pages Feminism is a body of social theory and political movement primarily based on and motivated by the experiences of women. While generally providing a critique of social relations, many proponents of feminism also focus on analyzing gender inequality and the promotion of womens rights, interests, and issues. Feminist theory aims to understand the nature of gender inequality and focuses on gender politics, power relations and sexuality. Feminist political activism campaigns on issues such asRead MoreGender Equality And The Movement For Women s Rights On A Global Scale1174 Words   |  5 Pagesthere are two controversial perceptions of the meaning of feminism and what feminists stand for. For many years, feminism is considered a series of mere actions exhorting for only women, which is anti-men and overaggressive. Recently, there is a gradual change in the understanding of what feminism is. It is all about the equality that every living human should be treated regardless of gender, race, religion or class. My essay will analyze in-depth the case study of Emma Watson’s feminism campaign, HeforSheRead MoreFeminism : Women s Rights On The Grounds Of Political, Social, And Economic Equality897 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Trifles, feminism is portrayed by the female characters in the book as well as the male characters. Feminism is defined as: the advocacy of women s rights on the grounds of political, social, and economic equality to men (â€Å"Feminism†). The female characters are represented in a way that highlights the best characteristics of females, which in turn gives the reader or viewer a strong sense of feminism. The male characters in the book such as: the police officers and the husband show malesRead MoreEquality Of Men And Women916 Words   |  4 PagesEmecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood (1979) will serve as a lens for African tradition in terms of motherhood and marriage, specifically in Nigeria. The recognition of the issues in African societies such as the controversial traditions surrounding motherhood and marriage helps women in Africa raise awareness on the importance of African feminism. In â€Å"African Womanism: An Afrocentric Theory† (1998), Nah Dove advocates for the importance in understanding the relationship between Europe and Africa in orderRead MoreFeminism : A Feminist Perspective1667 Words   |  7 PagesModern Feminism Before we begin, I want you to create a picture in your head. You read that there is going to be a feminist rally in your local city this afternoon. What does your mind picture? Lots of pink I’m sure. Who is there? Why, a bunch of women, of course! And what could they possibly want this time? I’ll let you keep that one to yourself. We all know that in today’s world, feminism is often seen as a joke. Just a bunch of white women prancing around with signs expressing their angst for

Hospitality Property and Facilities Management Hotel Developmental Ro

Question: Discuss about theHospitality Property and Facilities Management for Hotel Developmental Roles. Answer: Hotel Developmental Roles Although Property Development Managers, construction project managers, facilities managers and town planners are involved in hotel property development. The property development managers are responsible for management of personal property, tooling, equipment and capital assets. The property development managers are responsible for obtaining planning permission, organizing renovations or leasing property. The property developers are responsible for acquiring property and oversee the construction of industrial, residential and commercial structures (MacLaran, 2014). The property development managers are responsible for full and proper screening of the applicants criminal history, ability to pay. The property development manager also maintains necessary records for taxation and legal purposes. The property development managers are responsible for negotiating the purchase of land and managing the work of architects. The property development manager is responsible to prepare funding propo sals to the management. The site audits must be arranged and manages the design phase (MacLaran, 2014). Construction project managers supervise the construction projects from the beginning to the end. They are responsible for controlling the time, cost and quality of construction projects ranging from industries, residential and commercial to bridges, roads and schools. The managers are responsible to negotiate contracts with vendors, contractors and architects. They must also ensure that the project is completed within deadlines and all issues are resolved. The construction managers ensure that the building codes meet legal and regulatory requirements (MacLaran, 2014). He is also responsible for making the changes as required for resolving issues. The construction manager manages daily utilization and implementation. A single manager might oversee an entire construction project, or multiple managers might oversee specific aspects of a larger project. Managers can be self-employed or be employees of construction management companies, developers or property owners. The managers are also required to co-ordinate different levels of staff and train them (MacLaran, 2014). The facility manager plays multiple roles in health and safety, security, cleaning, fire safety, business continuity planning, testing and inspections, and space allocation. Facility manager department in an organization may lead to loss of business, injury, insurance claim and prosecution. Every organization faces several maintenance and security issues. The organizations aim to protect employees from injuries, damage or loss of lives. The facility manager is supposed to inspect, test and maintain the place with compliance certificates. The facility managers are also required to organize cleaning operations effectively (Barrett Baldry, 2013). The managers replenish consumables such as soap, toilet rolls, reactive response, litter picking and cleaning of toilets. The facility managers are responsible for ensuring safety through employee training, inspection and security. The managers are also responsible for maintaining cleanliness. The facility manager must ensure that the space in the building is utilized efficiently. Facility management is responsible for maintaining and providing appropriate assets that help in implementing effective operational safety policies. One of the critical jobs of the facility manager is to protect the workers from occupational hazards. The manager may evaluate the tasks and job sites. Accordingly, the facility manager may develop a comprehensive safety program (Reason, 2016). Town planners have several responsibilities. They are responsible for negotiating with the developers, architects and surveyors. They are responsible to specialize in a specific or particular field for working across a variety of areas. The town planners keep the legislation updated related with land use. They are responsible for designing layouts and drafting design statements. They develop original and creative planning for satisfying all the parties. They understand the population trends and the demand patterns. The town planners are responsible to prepare reports and plans from house extensions to international airports. They lay emphasis on the matters related to town and country planning. They also focus on transport plans and parking lot plans. They are responsible to schedule available resources to meet planning targets. They research and analyse data to help inform strategic developments, such as increases in affordable housing provision (Coaffee, 2013). Sustainability Sustainability can simply be defined as living within the limits. The organizations are increasingly integrating sustainability into their products, services and processes. Sustainability is a continuous process, and no matter how sustainable the assets are designed in the original construction, the maintenance needs to be continually improved. Sustainability in building and facility operations help in identifying goals and reducing environmental impact. Facilities involve office buildings, hospitals and warehouses. Several measures such as greening of buildings, recycling, energy efficiency and reduction of carbon footprints are several efforts that can be made in facilities (Yung, Chan, 2012). Sustainability in buildings and maintaining facilities involve sustainable practices in making the design and construction sites environmentally responsible. There shall be sustainability involved in every phase from site selection, designing, operations, construction, maintenance, renovation and deconstruction. Sustainability shall help in understanding the interconnections between economy, society and environment. Sustainability shall help in improving overall efficiency in grounds, operations and buildings. The job of a facility manager is to maintain the grounds and building of an organization. They look after various business services or non-core functions. The limited and non-renewable resources usage can be reduced. The carbon footprint can be reduced and indoor environmental quality of existing as well as new buildings can be improved (Eichholtz, Kok, Quigley, 2013). Decisions such as this which are often made outside of any environmental assessment process can have a far greater impact on sustainability than decisions that designers are able to influence such as the form of the building and selection of materials. The facilities operations and maintenance must assure that the design and construction of facility is sustainable. Sustainability is necessary in operations and maintenance. The scope of operations and management include keeping the build environment, facilities, infrastructure, utility systems, roads, drainage structures, grounds and parking lots sustainable. A well build construction site should conserve energy, water and be resource efficient. The site must meet the comfort, safety and health requirements of the occupants in the building. The construction and operation of buildings affect the environment (Ahn et al., 2013). Although a building or construction site may choose to prioritize energy reduction, waste minimization, water conservation and integrated approach to maintenance and operations. Sustainable buildings improve the overall life cycle including maintenance, operations and disposal costs. Building design, operations and construction affect the health of occupants, community and natural resources. The health of the building occupants shall be directly affected based on the ventilation, location of toxins or wastes, airflow and pressure, management of emissions, choice of building materials and operational procedures. The access to daylight is another significant factor affecting staff productivity and health outcomes (Yung Chan, 2012). The health of surrounding community is also affected as the local water quality and air is affected by the choice of building designs. Off-gassing of building materials, exhausts emitting volatile organic compounds and fumes from construction equipment can cause allergies, respiratory issues and other illness. The transportation planning and thoughtful land use can influence the amount of toxic emissions released into the air and water. The healthy of natural resources and global community is also affected as the persistent carcinogens, toxic compounds and endocrine disruptors can threaten the communities where these materials and manufactured (Glavinich, 2013). The buildings life cycle, maintenance and operations must seek to purchase cleaning products and supplies that are bio-degradable in nature. The indoor air quality can be improved with the sustainable use of materials. The facilities can also use automated monitors and controls for temperature, water, moisture, ventilation, energy and waste. The waste must be reduced through reduction and recycling. High efficiency equipments and improving the tightness of the building are other ways to improve cycles. Green meeting practices can be implemented. The organic materials can be composted on-site. The environmental plan shall establish risk and mitigation measures (Kibert, 2012). Energy Audit An energy audit is a survey, inspection and systematic procedures that help in obtaining adequate knowledge of the energy consumption. An energy audit also helps in identifying the cost-effective opportunities. It is a process or system that helps in reducing the amount of energy input without adverse effect on the output. Energy audit might be the first step in identifying opportunities towards reducing carbon footprint and energy expenditure (Dall'O, 2013). The energy audit helps in making the place more efficient as one can measure the areas that require improvement. Audits alone do not save energy. The recommendations and necessary steps need to be followed for saving energy. The energy audit shall provide detailed guide as to what specific improvements are needed that would help in saving energy. The houses as well as workplaces suffer from issues where they do not realize that problems are energy related. The energy audit shall help in making the owners realize the ways in which energy is inefficiently utilized (Fleiter, Schleich, Ravivanpong, 2012). The energy audit is connected to cost, time, phasing and reporting characteristics. The reporting of an energy audit is closely connected to the thoroughness, cost and audit work. The main options of the energy audit reporting are: very light reporting, simple savings oriented reporting, and detailed technical reporting. The light reporting shall list or introduce the main results in the summary. The simple-savings reporting shall be enlisting slightly detailed view of the energy audit results. The detailed technical reporting shall include the background information on energy using systems. An energy audit helps in understanding the behaviour and usage pattern of the appliances. The energy audit may cover a site or building in multiple ways. Energy audit can be used for different purposes for pointing out the areas where energy can be saved (Krarti, 2016). An energy audit programme may not work efficiently if the audit models are not clearly defined. The auditor must always listen t o the opinions of the client groups (Annunziata, Rizzi, Frey, 2014). A few benefits of energy audit are lower energy bills and increased energy savings. Certain cost-effective measures shall help in prioritizing the cost-effective measures to make the place more efficient. Energy audit can also help in improving the comfort level by detecting air leakage issue that may be creating an unhealthy and uncomfortable environment. The audit help in identifying the place of leakage and cost effective sealing options can be provided (Krarti, 2016). With the annual decrease in energy costs, the market value of the site shall increase. A site may experience unknown problems such as improper ventilation leading to growth of mildew or mould. Energy audit shall help in protecting the environment as the greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced. The above benefits can justify the investment in energy audits (Resnet, 2016). For example, an energy audit is performed at an organization. The audit results revealed an envelope breach leading to energy wastage. The breach shall create negative pressure in the organization. The energy audit identified the discrepancy that must be fixed following a few techniques. The incandescent lights can be replaced with the new fluorescent lights. The appliances must always be turned off when they are not in use. These measures can help in saving energy by turning off even the smallest appliances when they are not connected (Greenchipstocks.com, 2016). Safety Safety culture is positive when the employees believe safety as a key value and equally important to productivity and quality during the business cycle. The job of a facility manager is to maintain the grounds and building of an organization. They look after various business services or non-core functions. A few core competencies of a facility manager is to manage communication, project management, emergency preparedness, operations and maintenance, technology, renovation projects, safety inspection and waste reduction improvements. Precisely, the facility managers operate at two levels: operational level and strategic level. At the operational level, the facility managers ensure corporate and cost effective environment (Barrett Baldry, 2013). The facility manager plays multiple roles in health and safety, security, cleaning, fire safety, business continuity planning, testing and inspections, and space allocation. Facility manager department in an organization may lead to loss of business, injury, insurance claim and prosecution. Every organization faces several maintenance and security issues. The organizations aim to protect employees from injuries, damage or loss of lives. The facility manager is supposed to inspect, test and maintain the place with compliance certificates. The facility managers are also required to organize cleaning operations effectively. The managers replenish consumables such as soap, toilet rolls, reactive response, litter picking and cleaning of toilets (Barrett Baldry, 2013). Facility management is responsible for maintaining and providing appropriate assets that help in implementing effective operational safety policies. One of the critical jobs of the facility manager is to protect the workers from occupational hazards. The manager may evaluate the tasks and job sites. Accordingly, the facility manager may develop a comprehensive safety program (Barrett Baldry, 2013). For many people, facility manager is a one-stop person. Life safety and fire is perhaps the most important area as they have knowledge about the operations, testing and inspection and policies and procedures. A safe environment is necessary to work in through proactive training, awareness and standard operating procedures. A facility manager at least knows about the sprinkler system, emergency planning, fire drills and storage practices. The facility managers develop and direct loss prevention strategies and obligations. The facility managers are responsible to support line managers for c omplying with legislation and continually improving performance. The facility managers are also responsible for directing and defining development of strategic health and safety environmental policies (Reason, 2016). There are a few concepts that are appropriate for facility managers and would help in maintaining safety. Firstly, the facility managers can conduct environmental scanning by analysing global trends and economic forecasting. The environmental scanning shall help in meeting the environmental challenges. Secondly, through scenario planning a strategic path can be created for developing outcome. Facility management looks after multiple disciplines for ensuring functionality by integrating place, people, technology and processes. Thirdly, facility management creates strategic paths and measures strategic adjustment (Atkin Brooks, 2012). Every organization must mention the defined plan of action as health and safety is the joint responsibility of management. Every employer intends to maintain a safe and healthy workplace for its employees. The organizations have their own way of doing things. The successful health and safety systems have committed managers that help in making the program work (Reason, 2016). The above factors are evident to say that safety is consistent with good business sense. Safety is necessary at all levels and functions of an organization such as planning, production, purchase, distribution and financial aspects. Safety must not be viewed as a separate function of aspect of business. It must be integrated with the multiple functions and must be taken care of regularly and continually. During the business planning cycle, safety must be integrated with every single function or activity that shall be performed by the workers (Reason, 2016). References Ahn, Y. H., Pearce, A. R., Wang, Y., Wang, G. (2013). Drivers and barriers of sustainable design and construction: The perception of green building experience.International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development,4(1), 35-45. Annunziata, E., Rizzi, F., Frey, M. (2014). Enhancing energy efficiency in public buildings: The role of local energy audit programmes.Energy Policy,69, 364-373. Atkin, B. Brooks, A. (2012). Total facilities management. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell. Barrett, P. Baldry, D. (2013). Facilities management. Osney Mead, Oxford, OX: Blackwell Science. Coaffee, J. (2013). Towards next-generation urban resilience in planning practice: from securitization to integrated place making.Planning Practice Research,28(3), 323-339. Dall'O, G. (2013).Green Energy Audit of Buildings. Springer London. Eichholtz, P., Kok, N., Quigley, J. M. (2013). The economics of green building.Review of Economics and Statistics,95(1), 50-63. Fleiter, T., Schleich, J., Ravivanpong, P. (2012). Adoption of energy-efficiency measures in SMEsan empirical analysis based on energy audit data from Germany.Energy Policy,51, 863-875. Glavinich, T. (2013).Contractor's guide to green building construction. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley. Greenchipstocks.com,. (2016).Example of a Home Energy Audit.Greenchipstocks.com. Retrieved 23 June 2016, from https://www.greenchipstocks.com/report/example-of-a-home-energy-audit/369 Kibert, C. (2012).Sustainable construction. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Krarti, M. (2016).Energy audit of building systems. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. MacLaran, A. (2014).Making space: property development and urban planning. London: Arnold. Manuele, F. (2013).On the practice of safety. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Reason, J. (2016).Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate. Resnet,. (2016).Home Energy Audit Benefits | RESNET.RESNET. Retrieved 23 June 2016, from https://www.resnet.us/home-energy-audit-benefits Yung, E. H., Chan, E. H. (2012). Implementation challenges to the adaptive reuse of heritage buildings: Towards the goals of sustainable, low carbon cities.Habitat International,36(3), 352-361.